starts kind a weird... the engine sounds a little soundy... something like when you start up a diesel in a cold weather... while idling it gives out black smoke, its not blue... and when i gas it , it gets more.. on the freeway its okay, but something is not right... do you think it could be a injection pump problem...? or what? please advise.. thanks.

Check your air filter.
Adjust the Valves.
Check the turbo's shaft for freeplay and smooth turning.

That would be where I would start.

Black smoke means unburnt fuel. Back off on the ALDA a turn and see what happens.

Run it for a while, and if everything else is sound...I'd give it an Italian tune-up.


But I'm a newbie, so don't take that advice too literally.......very good idea on the ALDA. I was adjusting mine this weekend and got some smoke when it went too far.
Had to turn it back.

__________________
79 300SD - $50 out of pocket purchase
03 Dodge Ram 3500 CTD
2003 VW Jetta TDI

Umm, an '81 300D normally should not have a turbo. So no end play issues, and no alda adj to worry about really.
My experience has been with whitish smoke, which I never fixed. Good luck. I know of a hybrid-ish 220D that has black smoke thicker than I've ever seen. I don't know much about black smoke issues, or I would be vaguely interested in that car...

__________________
Jimmy L.
'05 Acura TL 6MT
2001 ML430 My Spare

Gone:
'95 E300 188K "Batmobile" Texas Unfriendly Black
'85 300TD 235K "The Wagon" Texas Friendly White
'80 240D 154K "China" Scar engine installed
'81 300TD 240K "Smash"
'80 240D 230K "The Squash"
'81 240D 293K"Scar" Rear ended harder than Elton John

Well, for whatever reason, you're not getting a complete burn. Air filter sounds like a good thing to check.

Either too much fuel, or not enough air.